Phillip W. Magness, PhD
Email: philwmagness (at) gmail-dot-com
EDUCATION
2010 Ph.D., Public Policy, George Mason University (Fields: Economic & Policy History, Political Economy, and International Trade)
2004 MPP, George Mason University
2003 B.A., Political Science, University of St. Thomas (Houston, Texas), Minors: Economics & Philosophy
POSITIONS
2024-Present David J. Theroux Chair in Political Economy, the Independent Institute
2018-2023 American Institute for Economic Research
F.A. Hayek Chair in Economics and Economic History (2023)
Director of Research and Education (2021-2023)
Senior Research Faculty (2018-2023)
2017-2018 Visiting Assistant Professor of Economics, Berry College
2010-2017 Adjunct Professor of International Commerce and Policy, George Mason University
2010-2017 Academic Program Director, Institute for Humane Studies, George Mason University
2008-2010 Lecturer, School of Public Affairs, American University
RESEARCH AREAS
- Economic History
- Slavery and the U.S. Civil War Era
- International Trade
- Inequality & Taxation
- Higher Education Policy
- History of Economic Thought
JOURNAL ARTICLES
“Did Karl Marx Party in 1891? The Effect of SPD’s Erfurt Program on Karl Marx’s Citations” Co-authored with Michael Makovi. Southern Economic Journal (November 2024). (Data files)
“Gordon Tullock and the Economics of Slavery” Co-authored with Art Carden and Ilia Murtazashvili. Public Choice (Fall 2023)
“The Mainstreaming of Marx: Measuring the Effect of the Russian Revolution on Karl Marx’s Influence” Co-authored with Michael Makovi. Journal of Political Economy (June 2023) (Data files)
“Finding Phocion: The Federalist Campaign of 1796 and the Nationalization of Proslavery Politics.” Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, (June 2023).
“The Hyperpoliticization of Higher Ed: Trends in Faculty Political Ideology, 1969–Present.” co-authored with David Waugh. Independent Review (Winter 2022)
“Teaching the Causes of Great Depression to College Students: Evidence from History, Economics, and Economic History Textbooks” Co-authored with Jeremy Horpedahl and Marcus Witcher. Journal of Economics and Finance Education (Fall 2022)
“Understanding the Exceptional Pre-Vaccination Era East Asian COVID-19 Outcomes” Co-authored with Jay Bhattacharya and Martin Kulldorff. Advances in Biological Regulation (October 2022)
“How pronounced is the U-curve? Revisiting income inequality in the United States, 1917-1960” Co-authored with Vincent Geloso, Philip Schlosser, and John Moore. The Economic Journal (March 2022)
“The Danger of Deplorable Reactions: W. H. Hutt on Liberalism, Populism, and the Constitutional Political Economy of Racism.” Co-authored with Art Carden and Ilia Murtazashvili. Independent Review (Spring 2022)
“Coining Neoliberalism: Interwar Germany and the Neglected Origins of a Pejorative Moniker” Journal of Contextual Economics – Schmollers Jahrbuch. Vol. 141 (2021)
“The Other Knowledge Problem: Public Choice and the Marvels of Modern Medicine Shut Down the World” Co-authored with Max Gulker. Cosmos and Taxis. (May 2021)
“Divided Government and the Bias Against Presidential Restraint.” Co-authored with Vincent Geloso and Frank Garmon. Social Science Journal (Fall 2020)
“The Great Overestimation: Tax Data and Inequality Measurements in the United States, 1913-1943.” Co-authored with Vincent Geloso. Economic Inquiry (April 2020).
“The anti-discriminatory tradition in Virginia school public choice theory.” Public Choice. James M. Buchanan Centennial Issue. (March 2020).
“John Maynard Keynes, H.G. Wells, and a Problematic Utopia.” Co-authored with James Harrigan. History of Political Economy (Spring 2020)
“Detecting Historical Inequality Patterns: A Replication of Thomas Piketty’s Wealth Concentration Estimates for the United Kingdom.” Social Science Quarterly (Summer 2019)
“Social Justice, Public Goods, and Rent-Seeking Narratives.” co-authored with Vincent Geloso. Independent Review (Summer 2019)
“School Vouchers, Segregation, and Consumer Sovereignty.” Co-authored with Chris Surprenant. Journal of School Choice (Spring 2019)
“James M. Buchanan and the Political Economy of Desegregation,” Co-authored with Art Carden and Vincent Geloso. Southern Economic Journal (January 2019)
“Lincoln’s Swing State Strategy: Tariff Surrogates and the Pennsylvania Election of 1860” Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, (January 2019)
“Inequality, Prosperity, and Fiscal Policy: A Case for Caution in Interpreting Income Distributions.” International Trade Journal (September 2018)
“Market-Based Measurement for School Achievement” Co-authored with Chris Surprenant. Journal of Markets and Morality, (Fall 2018)
“Between Evidence, Rumor, and Perception: Marshal Lamon and the ‘Plot’ to Arrest Chief Justice Taney” Journal of Supreme Court History. (July 2017)
“The Economic Eugenicism of John Maynard Keynes,” Co-authored with Sean J. Hernandez. Journal of Markets and Morality. (July 2017)
“Are Adjuncts Exploited?: Some Grounds for Skepticism.” Co-authored with Jason Brennan. Journal of Business Ethics. (Spring 2017).
“Alexander Hamilton as Immigrant.” The Independent Review (Spring 2017)
“For-Profit Universities and the roots of Adjunctification in U.S. Higher Education.” Liberal Education. (Spring 2016).
“Estimating the Cost of Adjunct Justice: A Case Study in University Business Ethics.” Co-authored with Jason Brennan. Journal of Business Ethics. (January, 2016)
“The American System and the Political Economy of Black Colonization.” Journal of the History of Economic Thought, (June 2015).
“Challenging the Empirical Contributions of Thomas Piketty’s Capital in the 21st Century.” Co-authored with Robert P. Murphy. Journal of Private Enterprise, (Spring 2015)
“The British Honduras Colony: Black Emigrationist Support for Colonization in the Lincoln Presidency.” Slavery & Abolition, 34-1 (March 2013)
“Mitchell and the Mystery of the U.S. Emigration Office Papers.” Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association, 32-2 (Summer 2011)
“Morrill and the Missing Industries: Strategic Lobbying Behavior and the Tariff of 1861.” Journal of the Early Republic, 29 (Summer 2009).
“Constitutional Tariffs, Incidental Protection, and the Laffer Relationship.” Constitutional Political Economy, 20 (Winter 2008).
“Benjamin Butler’s Colonization Testimony Reevaluated.” Journal of the Abraham Lincoln Association, 29-1 (Winter 2008).
“Growing Government Demands for Accountability vs. Independence in the University.” Co-authored with A. Lee Fritschler & Paul Weissburg, Liberal Education, 94-4 (2008).
BOOKS
The 1619 Project: A Critique. (American Institute for Economic Research, 2020). 2nd edition, forthcoming Spring 2025.
Cracks in the Ivory Tower: The Moral Mess of Higher Education. Co-authored with Jason Brennan. (Oxford University Press, 2019).
What is Classical Liberal History? Co-authored/edited with Michael J. Douma. (Rowman & Littlefield, 2018)
Colonization after Emancipation: Lincoln and the Movement for Black Resettlement. Co-authored with Sebastian N. Page. (University of Missouri Press, 2011)
The Rules of the Game: How Government Works and Why it Sometimes Doesn’t. Co-authored with Paul Weissburg. (The Modern Scholar, 2011)
BOOK & ENCYCLOPEDIA CHAPTERS
“Slavery” in the Elgar Encyclopedia of Public Choice. Co-authored with Art Carden, Ilia Murtazashvili, and John Meadowcroft. (Edward Elgar, Forthcoming 2025)
“Social Justice, Public Goods, and Rent Seeking in Narratives,” co-authored with Vincent Geloso, in Robert M. Whaples, Michael C. Munger, and Christopher J. Coyne, eds. Is Social Justice Just? (Independent Institute, 2023).
“Situating Southern Influences in James M. Buchanan and Modern Public Choice Economics,” co-authored with Art Carden and Vincent Geloso, in Patrick Gray et al, eds. Standard of Living: Essays on Economics, History, and Religion in Honor of John E. Murray. (Springer 2022)
“The Failures of Pandemic Central Planning” in Ryan Yonk and Ray March, ed. Pandemics and Liberty (American Institute for Economic Research, 2022)
“Gen Eds: Sucker U,” co-authored with Jason Brennan, in Bob Fischer, ed. College Ethics. (Oxford University Press, 2021)
“Taxation and Inequality as Economic History” in G.P. Manish and Stephen C. Miller, eds. Capitalism and Inequality: the Role of State and Market (Routledge 2020)
“New Research Avenues in the Foreign Relations of the Late Antebellum and Civil War Era” in Christopher Dietrich, ed. Companion to the History of U.S. Foreign Relations. (Wiley-Blackwell, April 2020)
“The Myth that School Choice has Racist Origins.” in Neal McCluskey and Corey DeAngelis, eds. School Choice Myths: Setting the Record Straight on Education Freedom. (Cato Institute Press, 2020)
“A Paradox of Secessionism: Slavery and the Confederate Security State” in Joshua Hall and Marcus Witcher, eds. Public Choice Analyses of American Economic History, (Springer, 2018)
“The Changing Legacy of Civil War Colonization” in Beverly Tomek and Matthew Hetrick, eds. New Directions in the Study of African American Recolonization. (University Press of Florida, 2017)
“Empirical Critiques of Thomas Piketty,” Co-authored with Robert P. Murphy, in Emmanuel Martin, ed. Anti-Piketty: Capital for the 21st Century (Libre Echange, 2015; Cato Institute Press, 2017)
“Tariffs and the American Civil War” in the Essential Civil War Curriculum. (May 2017)
“Abraham Lincoln and Colonization” in the Essential Civil War Curriculum. (February 2016)
“Changing Relationships with Governments in Europe and the US: Balancing Quality Concerns with the Desire for Intellectual Independence in the University.” Co-authored with A. Lee Fritschler and Paul Weissburg, in Rovio-Johansson, ed. Essays on Supportive Peer Review. (NOVA Science, 2008)
GRANTS/AWARDS
Research Grant – The Economics of School Choice and Segregation, Center for the Study of Free Enterprise, Western Carolina University (2017-2018)
Research Grant – Origins of Economic Prosperity, Free Market Institute, Texas Tech University (2017)
Best Article Award (with Robert P. Murphy), Journal of Private Enterprise, Association of Private Enterprise Educators (2016)
Benjamin Franklin Research Grant, American Philosophical Society (2012)
Albert J. Beveridge Grant, American Historical Association (2011)
Doctoral Research Grant, George Mason University (2009)
Doctoral Research Grant, George Mason University (2007)
Graduate Instructor Teaching Commendation, George Mason University (2006)
Alexis de Tocqueville Award for outstanding MPP graduate, George Mason University (2004)
BOOK REVIEWS AND REVIEW ESSAYS
“Economics in America” by Angus Deaton. Forthcoming. The Independent Review. (2025)
“Taking America Back: The Conservative Movement and the Far Right” by David Austin Walsh. Forthcoming. Reason. (December 2024)
“The Myth of American Inequality” by Phil Gramm, Robert Ekelund, and John Early. Real Clear Books. (September 2024).
“Lincoln’s Lost Colony” by Boyce Thompson. The Civil War Monitor. (September 2024.)
“Radical Hope: A Teaching Manifesto” by Kevin Gannon. The Independent Review. (Fall 2023)
“The Big Myth” by Naomi Oreskes and Erik Conway. Reason. (April 2023)
“Confederate Exodus” by Alan P. Marcus. Journal of American History (December, 2022)
“The 1619 Project” by Nikole Hannah-Jones, ed. Reason. (May 2022)
“Maverick: A Biography of Thomas Sowell” by Jason L. Riley. National Review (September 2021)
“Pure America: Eugenics and the Making of Modern Virginia” by Elizabeth Catte. Reason (June 2021)
“The Half has Never Been Told” by Ed Baptist. History: Reviews of New Books, Volume 49, Issue 3 (2021)
“The Adjunct Underclass” by Herb Childress. Journal of Value Inquiry (Summer 2020)
“One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America” by Kevin M. Kruse. The Independent Review. (June 2020)
“Overturning Brown: The Segregationist Legacy of the Modern School Choice Movement” by Steve Suitts. Reason (June 2020)
“Free Enterprise: An American History” by Lawrence Glickman. Law & Liberty (December 23, 2019)
“Lobbyists and the Making of US Tariff Policy, 1816-1861” by Daniel Peart. The Historian (December 2019)
“The Case Against Socialism” by Rand Paul. National Review (December 19, 2019)
“Lincoln and Liberty,” by Lucas E. Morel, ed. in Pennsylvania History (Fall 2019)
“Globalists: The End of Empire and the Birth of Neoliberalism” by Quinn Slobodian. Reason (January 2019)
“The Contradictions of Capital in the Twenty-First Century” by Pat Hudson and Keith Tribe, eds. Economic History Review (October, 2018)
The Progressive Legacy Rolls On: A Critique of Steinbaum and Weisberger on Illiberal Reformers. Econ Journal Watch, Vol. 15-1 (January 2018)
“Democracy in Chains” by Nancy MacLean. Review co-authored with Art Carden. Regulation (July 2017)
“Lincoln’s Dilemma,” by Paul Escott, North Carolina Historical Review (October 2016)
“William Wells Brown: An African-American Life” by Ezra Greenspan, Missouri Historical Review (Fall 2016)
“Slavery, Race, and Conquest in the Tropics” by Robert E. May, Reviews in History (January, 2015)
“Making the Modern American Fiscal State” by Ajay K. Mehrotra, EH.net (November 2014)
“Lincoln and McClellan at War” by Chester G. Hearn, North Carolina Historical Review (January 2014)
“Slaves for Hire” by John J. Zaborney, Virginia Magazine of History, (Summer 2013)
“Colonization and its Discontents” by Beverly Tomek, Civil War History, (March 2013)
“Lincoln and the Border States” by William C. Harris, North Carolina Historical Review (July 2012)
EDITED MANUSCRIPTS & PRIMARY SOURCES
“An Interview with Francis Wilson.” Co-authored with Micha Sparks. Research in the History of Economic Thought and Methodology. (October 2023)
G. Warren Nutter. The Strange World of Ivan Ivanov. (American Institute for Economic Research, 2019)
Karl Marx. The Best of Karl Marx. History of Economic Thought Series (American Institute for Economic Research, 2019)
Lysander Spooner. Public Letters and Political Essays. History of Economic Thought Series (American Institute for Economic Research, 2019)
Lysander Spooner [1876]. Two Treatises on Competitive Currency and Banking. History of Economic Thought Series. (American Institute for Economic Research, 2018)
COMMENTARY & POPULAR PRESS
“In Defense of Synthetic Karl Marx: A Reply to Joseph Francis” Econ Journal Watch, September 2024.
“The Truth About Tariffs” Law & Liberty, January 24, 2024.
“Claudine Gay: Critical Plagiarism Theory.” American Conservative, January 14, 2024.
“Biden’s State Department Paid Newsguard to Tar Organizations Like Ours” Co-authored with James Harrigan and Ryan Yonk. The New York Post, December 7, 2023
“The Problem of Tariffs in American Economic History.” Cato Institute. Fall 2023.
“‘The 1619 Project’ on Hulu Vindicates Capitalism.” Co-authored with David Henderson. Wall Street Journal, February 20, 2023.
“The 1619 Project’s Confusion on Capitalism.” National Review, February 12, 2023
“Nikole Hannah-Jones’ ‘1619’ docuseries lies about American history — again.” New York Post, January 31, 2023
“Darity, Camara, and MacLean on William H. Hutt” co-authored with Art Carden. Econ Journal Watch, September 2022
“A Lament of Rising Illiberalism on the Right and Left,” co-authored with Alexander Salter. Washington Examiner, September 22, 2022
“A Recession by Any Other Name” Wall Street Journal, July 27, 2022
“The Fed Should Be an Inflation Fighter, Not a Social Justice Warrior.” Co-authored with Alexander Salter. National Review, June 24, 2022
“Is Twitter-famous Historian Kevin Kruse a Plagiarist?” Reason, June 14, 2022
“The Zombie Economics of Inflation and Unemployment” The Hill, May 13, 2022
“Inequality and the Piketty Accounting Error” Co-authored with Vincent Geloso. Wall Street Journal, April 11, 2022.
“Misrepresenting Mises: Quotation Editing and a Rejection of Peer Review at Cambridge University Press” co-authored with Amelia Janaskie. Econ Journal Watch, March 2022.
“Free Markets, not Slave Markets.” National Review, January 2022
“The Fickle Science of Lockdowns” Co-authored with Pete Earle. Wall Street Journal, December 21, 2021
“School Choice’s Antiracist History.” Wall Street Journal, October 18, 2021
“Medice, cura te ipsum” Co-authored with James Harrigan. The BMJ. September 23, 2021
“Constitutional Conundrums and Fiscal Follies: In Defense of the Articles of Confederation.” Co-authored with Alexander Salter. National Review, June 4, 2020
“The Case for Mask Mandates Rests on Bad Data.” Wall Street Journal, November 11, 2020
“Tenured Radicals are Real” Chronicle of Higher Education, September 24, 2020
“Interpreted as It Ought to Be” National Review, July 27, 2020
“Sweden’s Lockdown Paradox” Politico, June 9, 2020
“Does Classical Liberalism Need Intersectionality Theory?” Cato Unbound, May 2020.
“The IRS Proves the Left’s Favorite Economists Wrong” co-authored with Stephen C. Miller. Wall Street Journal, March 12, 2020.
“How the 1619 Project Rehabilitates the ‘King Cotton’ Thesis” National Review, August 26, 2019
“William Leggett: Free Trade, Hard Money, and Abolitionism” Online Library of Liberty, July 2019
“School Vouchers and the Inverse-Hirschman Scenario.” Library of Economics and Liberty, December 4, 2017
“No, the Electoral College Isn’t Rigged” Reason.com, November 15, 2017
“The Progressive Tax Myth” U.S. News and World Report, October 31, 2017
“We Can’t Stop Hurricanes, but here’s how to limit the damage” co-authored with Benjamin Powell. CNBC.com September 11, 2017
“Don’t blame sprawl for Houston’s floods” Houston Chronicle, September 4, 2017
“Finding Social Darwinism in the Assault on Sumner’s Laissez Faire” Online Library of Liberty, July 2017
“Are Full-Time Faculty Being Adjunctified? Recent Data Show Otherwise.” James G. Martin Center for Academic Renewal, May 19, 2017
“How libertarians should think about the Civil War,” Newsweek, July 18, 2015
“How we should remember Lincoln,” Daily Caller, July 19, 2013
“The Ile a Vache: From Hope to Disaster,” New York Times “Disunion” series, April 12, 2013
“A Separate Peace,” New York Times “Disunion” series, January 8, 2013
“Wither Liberia? Civil War Emancipation and Freedmen Resettlement in West Africa,” The Civil War Monitor, November 2012
“Mr. Lincoln and Mr. Johnson” Co-authored with Sebastian N. Page. New York Times “Disunion” series, February 3, 2012
“Lincoln and Black Colonization after Emancipation,” Britannica.com, April 11, 2011
“Lincoln and Colonization: Navigating the Evidence.” Co-authored with Sebastian N. Page. History News Network, March 20, 2011
PUBLIC LECTURES
“Marxism and the Intellectuals” 2022 Inaugural Lecture, Universidad Francisco Marroquin, Guatemala City (January 18, 2022)
“How Great Was the ‘Great Leveling’? Improved Measures of Inequality in the US: 1917-60” Colloquium on Market Institutions and Economic Processes, New York University, (February 25, 2019)
“Revisiting the Inequality U-Curve,” Western Carolina University, (March 17, 2018)
“James M. Buchanan and the Economics of School Choice,” Dickinson College, (March 7, 2018)
“The Economics of Inequality and Taxation,” Troy University, (February 9, 2018)
“Income Inequality and Poverty: Is the American Dream in Crisis?” Metropolitan State University of Denver, (November 9, 2017)
“John Maynard Keynes, H.G. Wells, and a Problematic Utopia” Department of Economics – History of Political Economy Seminar, Duke University, (September 29, 2017)
“The Political Economy of Higher Education,” Department of Economics, San Jose State University (October 17, 2016)
“Inequality in Piketty and Beyond,” Department of Political Science, University of Washington (May 6, 2016)
“Slavery, Westward Expansion, and Liberty in Texas: From the Alamo to the Civil War,” Free Market Institute, Texas Tech University (February 6, 2016)
“Slavery and Capitalism: Partners or Antagonists?,” Political Economy Project, Towson University (April 7, 2015)
“Picking Apart Piketty,” Strata, Utah State University (March 3, 2015)
“The Constitutional Havoc of the Income Tax Amendment,” Free Market Institute, Texas Tech University (January 30, 2015)
“Challenging the Legend of Abraham Lincoln: Plans for Colonization after Emancipation,” Centre for the Study of International Slavery, University of Liverpool (October 2, 2014)
Symposium on Alexander Crummell, St. Luke’s Episcopal Church, Washington D.C. (September 10, 2014)
“The Political Economy of Colonization from Mathew Carey to Abraham Lincoln” Symposium on American Political Economy from the Age of Jackson to the Civil War. Bowdoin College (October 19-20, 2013)
“The American Civil War: A Classical Liberal View” Institute of Economic Affairs, London (October 9, 2013)
“Emancipation and its Corollaries: Contextualizing Compensation, Colonization, and Black Soldiers in Lincoln’s Proclamation,” Benjamin P. Thomas Symposium Lecture, Abraham Lincoln Association, Springfield, IL (February 12, 2013)
Speaker, 5th Annual Civil War Study Group Symposium, Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Springfield, IL (September 15, 2012)
“D.C. Emancipation: The Struggle for Freedom,” 150th Anniversary Commemoration of the District of Columbia Emancipation Act, National Archives Lecture Series, Washington, D.C. (April 18, 2012)
“Emancipation, Emigration, and Revolt: John Willis Menard, the American Civil War, and the Jamaican uprising of 1865.” Black History Month Lecture Series, United States Capitol Historical Society, Washington, DC (February 15, 2012)
“African Americans and Lincoln: The Colonization Debate.” Lecture sponsored by the Afro-American History Society, National Archives and Records Administration Annex, College Park, MD (October 19, 2011).”
“Lincoln and Haiti: Colonization and Haitian Recognition During the Civil War,” National Archives Lecture Series, Washington, D.C., (December 2, 2010).
WORKING PAPERS
“Why I Am Not a Neoliberal” (November 2023)
“A Methodologically Consistent Measure of Income Inequality in the United States, 1917 to 2020” Co-authored with Vincent Geloso (September 2023)
“A Comment on ‘Modeling COVID-19 Scenarios for the United States’” (November 2020)
“Racial Determinism and Immigration in the Works of Ludwig von Mises” (November 2019)
“Lincoln, Colonization and Evidentiary Standards: A Response to Allen C. Guelzo” Co-authored with Sebastian N. Page (May 1, 2013)
FILM & TELEVISION
“The Unauthorized History of Taxes.” Documentary series. Fox Business Channel (Aired March 2021)
“1620: A Critical Response to the 1619 Project.” C-Span (Aired February 3, 2021)
“Tax Myths.” John Stossel Reports. (March 12, 2019)
“The Contradictions of Fair Hope,” Documentary Film. Whoopi Goldberg, Narrator, Rockell Metcalf, Writer, and S. Epatha Merkerson, Director/Producer (2012)
“The Career of Abolitionist John Willis Menard,” C-Span American History TV, (Aired March 17, 2012)
TEACHING PROFICIENCIES
- Principles of Economics (Micro & Macro)
- Applied Political Economy/Public Choice
- International Trade/International Economics
- Quantitative Research Methods
- Research Methods for Policy Analysis
- Public Administration
Advanced Topics:
- Economic History/History of Capitalism
- History of Economic Thought
- Slavery, Abolition, and the U.S. Civil War Era
- American Political History
- Administrative History of the United States
RESEARCH, POLICY, & SERVICE POSITIONS
Program Chair, Mont Pelerin Society 2023 Regional Meeting, Bretton Woods, NH
Trustee, the Philadelphia Society (2021-2024 term)
Senior Fellow, the Independent Institute (2019-present)
Board of Advisers, Greater Mekong Research Center
Consultant, Organizational Management, Office of the Inspector General – U.S. Postal Service (2007)
Trade Policy Intern, Committee on Ways and Means, U.S. House of Representatives (2004)
DISSERTATION
“From Tariffs to the Income Tax: Trade Protection and Revenue in the United States Tax System” George Mason University, (Defended October 2009)
Committee:
Jack C. High (Chair)
A. Lee Fritschler
Kenneth A. Reinert
Peter J. Boettke
Thomas K. McCraw